Hello and welcome back to Luminaries in Telecom!

This month’s feature is about an enduring telecom icon, who is not as well-known as he should be. He recently celebrated his 92^nd birthday and is still going strong in the field! A simple question to start: Have you made a phone/Zoom call today, or maybe used anything with a microphone within the past week? I’m sure we all have multiple times just today, and we owe a huge thanks for that to our latest luminary. An enthusiastic educator and a revolutionary inventor, having been called “The Black Edison,” Dr. James Edward Maceo West’s work continues to change the world! He and his colleagues brought forth the evolution of the very way we communicate not just in the telecom industry but as a society. In this latest edition of NJFX’s Luminaries series, we’re eager to share all that we have learned and hope to shed some light on a little-known, but globally substantial piece of African American history.

West was born in 1931 at his grandparents’ home in Farmville, Virginia, since the local hospital would not admit African Americans, reflecting racial prejudice from the very start of his life. His grandmother, formerly enslaved herself, helped deliver him. From a young age, West was fascinated with how things worked and enjoyed tinkering. “If I had a screwdriver and a pair of pliers, anything that could be opened was in danger. I had this need to know what’s inside,” he said. At age 12, he took a job alongside his cousin installing electrical wiring in homes in rural Virginia. While plugging in an old radio he had been tinkering with, he received a painful and enlightening lesson: an electric shock turned on his unending fascination with electricity. “After that, I knew I needed to learn everything I could about it.”

Shortly after graduating high school in the late 1940s, West enrolled at Hampden University as a pre-med student. His parents urged him to study medicine, as they worried about future job prospects. At the time being an African American scientist in the South was difficult due to the institutionalized racism of the Jim Crow laws. While studying, he was drafted by the Army during the Korean War, where he received a Purple Heart. His time in the service had a profound effect on him, galvanizing him into continuing education, on his terms. West now knew he had to follow his passion despite his family and society’s concerns, enrolling at Temple University in Philadelphia to study physics.

Rejected from study groups due to his race to only be invited into their circles when he took it upon himself to solve complex problems alone that the groups couldn’t solve. Physics became the conduit that would lead to an opportunity for a summer internship at Bell Labs—a legendary New Jersey-based laboratory that’s been mentioned in other Luminaries careers. West would soon add to that legacy. Bell Labs especially attracted him at the time they were one of few scientific institutions that were open to hiring minorities, a rare occurrence during segregated times. “It was the fact that there were other people who looked like me that I wanted to be like when I grew up,” West said.

While an intern, West found “Link Hawkins” as an inspiration and mentor. Walter Lincoln Hawkins was the first African American member of the technical staff at Bell in 1945. This was monumental for the time as this was two years before Jackie Robinson made history as the first African American accepted into Major League Baseball, which is often seen as a pivotal moment in American race relations.

Still only a student intern, West noticed a problem: “How do things work; why is it possible to do some things and not others?” Recording devices, phones, radios, et cetera, were clunky, sounded garbled, and expensive. West remembers that on average the cost was $2,000 for a decent device; equivalent to today’s rate of purchasing power of more than $20,000!

West had become quite the audiophile and acoustician, all stemming from that jolt of curiosity those many years ago, and saw this as a worthy challenge. During his internship, he learned the value of mentorship, crossing paths and collaborating with anyone he could, He took turns mentoring his fellow colleagues—all the while gaining momentum that would inspire him to begin the design of what would become his magnum opus.

West received his bachelor’s degree in 1957. Upon graduating, West was offered a position at Bell, quickly resuming work on his project: the Electret microphone.

He soon after met and befriended Gerhard M. Sessler, beginning what would become a long-running partnership collaborating for years on his “student” project. The two became inseparable in their efforts; “We were always teased that when we were together, don’t even try to talk to them! They were in their own world!” Together they toiled for years on the project and after much effort in 1962, they invented and patented the world-changing Foil Electret Microphone. This type of condenser microphone changed how we hear the world forever.

It was exactly as West had envisioned: a more compact, durable, highly sensitive, and inexpensive microphone than anything produced previously. The duo coined “Electret” which stems from the combo of terms, electrostatic and magnetic. This microphone uses a thin foil material that has been permanently charged, eliminating the need for an external power source.

This has ever-expanding applications remaining a vital rooting component in the advancement of telecommunications — from Alexa and Siri answering your inquiries of the weekly forecast, to your tablet that syncs to your smartwatch reminding you that the meeting starts in a minute, even down to your gaming headphones helping you coordinate with your team in a Call of Duty match. The Electret Microphone helps you accomplish your daily tasks with all these items!

The revolutionary technology was widely adopted in 1968. Since then, roughly two billion microphones are produced yearly; the patent has been the basis for a staggering 90% of all microphones used for communications.

On what drives his perpetuity, Dr. West says, “Curiosity, curiosity…curiosity and curiosity!” This unending curiosity assisted in leveraging his positioning, building to gift others opportunities he was snubbed for early on.

He never wavered in collaboration, mentoring, and being mentored by colleagues from various departments throughout Bell all in the pursuit of reconciling knowledge. West said, “Mentoring is very important for you both ways; each of you should have a mentor who’s above you in terms of your education process and each of you should be a mentor to people below you. In that process, I mentor and am being mentored by many.”

Being a proponent for racial equality and diversification, advocating Bell to increase opportunities for minorities in STEM, he helped launch a summer minority research program. He co-founded A.B.L.E (African American Body of Laboratory Employees). “The program helped to graduate 500 PhDs from underrepresented minorities and women. We worked for each other; we helped each other advance in the system. This group helped make substantial contributions to telephony and communications.”

West retired from Lucent Technology (Bell) in 2001. For his years of dedication and integrity, he earned the organization’s highest honorary title, “Distinguished Fellow at Bell Labs.” Not one to be satisfied with holding more than 60 U.S. patents and 200+ foreign patents, he naturally transitioned to academia, taking a role as a research professor at Johns Hopkins University. His daughter, Ellington West, one of his four children, carries his legacy forward. She is the CEO and co-founder of Sonavi Labs, specializing in medical devices and software. Harnessing the power of AI, she’s determined to make her mark in the field of telecom, just as her father did at Bell.

In 2007, President George W. Bush awarded West the National Medal of Technology. At age 91, West is currently on the board of the Ingenuity Project, which provides Baltimore students with accelerated math and science courses. He has also advocated for Johns Hopkins to make greater efforts to recruit and train outstanding minority students in the sciences.

An African American man is responsible for the devices in everyone’s pocket and yet few know the story. To reiterate, consider those daily conversations you’ve had with your loved ones, partners, and co-workers just wouldn’t be possible without Dr. West’s years of dedication to telecommunication. In his daughter Ellington West’s words, “One of the most difficult things about my father’s success has been the lack of acknowledgment on a global scale, and I think it’s an unfortunate reality that so many black and brown inventors and innovators face because… who are we working to emulate?”

In Dr. West’s words, “Retirement has never been in the picture for me so far, primarily because I enjoy what I do, and going to work is truly a pleasure.” Through his work and inventions, West has helped to transform our society and improve our lifestyle. The electret microphone is arguably one of the most important pieces of technology ever developed. Dr. West has earned the title of Luminary and we should honor this amazing inventor who has shaped a huge part of how we communicate.

A list of some of his accolades:

• National Inventor’s Hall of Fame 1999 inductee
• National Medal of Technology 
• Distinguished Fellow at Bell Labs.
• Inventor of the Year – State of NJ.
• Two Purple Hearts were earned during his time in the Army.
• National Academy of Engineering.
• Benjamin Franklin Medal in Electrical Engineering.
• George Stibitz trophy from AT&T.
• John Scoot Award, Acoustical Society of America – President.
• Honorary doctorates – from multiple universities including Michigan State, NJ Institute of Technology, Princeton, and more!

And of course, there is more to the story of “The Black Edison”, Dr. James Edward Maceo West, which we may revisit in the future. A curious young man from the rural south to have become a hero for generations of scientists. A true icon and role model for the telecom industry and for now, this concludes this month’s feature of Luminaries in Telecom. Please feel free to add to the conversation! Have you heard of Dr. James Edward Maceo West before? What did you take away from his unwavering empowerment in facing adversity and his passion for science? Sound off in the comments below with any fun facts/specifics that may have been missed, or any suggestions about any movers and shakers in telecom history you think deserve a feature send a message to [email protected].

To end with my favorite quote by Dr. West, “Failure is an accepted process in discovery If I don’t fail every once in a while, I’m not working hard enough.” We at NJFX hope you’ve gleaned a bit of inspiration to take with you through the rest of your week2

 

Happy New Year to all, and welcome back to Luminaries in Telecom!

We are kicking off our ‘Luminaries in Telecom’ series for 2023 featuring a man who has immersed himself in the industry for 50 years! I’m sure many of you readers have run into him at one of many trade shows including celebrating his 40th PTC in Hawaii. He has witnessed the evolution of the telecom industry beyond voice services to encompassing everything online. Without a doubt, he’s a longstanding trusted member and a pillar of the community, earning the title “The Godfather of Telecom,” AKA Mr. Jerry DeMartino!

The NJFX team grabbed the opportunity to interview the former President of MCI International and current CEO at Competitive Telecoms Group Inc. at PTC’23. We are eager to share all that we have learned from DeMartino, who has a special ability for international collaborations. We have a bit of history as well, he sharply believed in and was at the launch of NJFX! DeMartino is a man whom our very own CEO of NJFX, Gil Santaliz, has much admiration for, having worked together at MCI years ago. After learning more about Mr. DeMartino in this New Year edition of NJFX’s Luminaries, we are looking forward to you sharing your best stories about the “Godfather” DeMartino. 

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Jerry DeMartino is a proud-born and bred New Yorker having graduated from CCNY in the Bronx, then returned home to attend the Graduate program at Brooklyn College. A warm and defining memory he shared with us was becoming the president of the college debate team. This is where he truly learned the gift of public speaking, the art of socializing, and discovering his love for travel. The team traveled cross-country all the while leading them to win numerous awards. DeMartino’s team was so triumphant they were granted more funding than the college basketball team! During our discussion he was asked to deliberate on a specific topic: telecom sales. His winning response he happily recited for us “If I can sell ideas, I can sell Telex!” This caught the ear of a recruiter in attendance who pulled him aside noting his raw talent. This interaction unbeknownst to him at the time would start a chain of events that would lead him to become the successful executive he is today. In DeMartino’s own words, “The Debate team played a critical role in getting my first job in telecoms. Straight out of college, I became a recruiter and took one of the jobs that came in for a Telex salesperson in NY, my debate team experience was what sold them on my ability to sell almost anything.”

Having become a recruiter himself, at 23 years old DeMartino transitioned to sales at WUI selling Telex (a spinoff of Western Union Telegraph and competitor to RCA & ITT), allowing him to gain skills that he would take with him throughout his career. He highlighted a key lesson: don’t be shy, approach peers and those around you with curiosity. This lack of timidness allowed him the chance to work alongside and learn from many leaders in the industry. In 1982, WUI was acquired by MCI and DeMartino quickly rose through the ranks becoming President of MCI International.

A bit of truly groundbreaking history he shared with us.

“My team broke the worldwide monopoly for international voice when it opened the first competitive voice service in the world with Belgium,” DeMartino said. “Over the next 5-10 years the monopolies around the world not only opened their markets to MCI and other US providers but began allowing new operators to compete in their countries. Swiftly, telephone monopolies were toppled allowing thousands of new entrants into the market in every country.

Having a place in the legacy of MCI in their breaking the domestic ATT monopoly along with the long-standing global monopoly as well. DeMartino said, “The telecom industry is what it is today because of MCI.” DeMartino’s work at MCI had quite the rippling effect and word of mouth spread across the company.

Among many advancements, he witnessed in technology, the precursor to all public email systems, MCI Mail. One of the first systems of its kind, allowing MCI to now communicate efficiently. To utilize this DeMartino mentioned, being rewarded with one of the first laptops, a bulky 40-pound Compaq. Further making his mark, DeMartino was involved in some of the biggest events in telecoms history including building the first subsea fiber optic cable that directly connected the United States to Latin America as the first CEO of Globenet. He built international partnerships for MCI with BT (British Telecom) and Telefónica, S.A. (out of Madrid, Spain and led acquisitions of Clear Coms (New Zealand), Avantel Limited (Mexico), and Embratel (Brazil) and managed MCI’s worldwide relationships with 60 offices globally.

A turning point, in October of 1998, WorldCom acquired MCI, and Jerry the lifelong New Yorker found himself with an offer he couldn’t refuse…” a great opportunity” to relocate to Jackson, Mississippi to work under a Bernie Ebbers. Not something he wanted for himself and his family, this event further cemented the vision he had been building for some time, Competitive Telcom Group. Unapologetic, he explains, “I left WorldCom on April fool’s day in ‘99 to announce CTG and WorldCom went bankrupt (soon after in 2002)”. The transition came naturally to him as informally he had been consulting and recruiting colleagues and peers into positions for years in doing so building bonds with global partners. During his time at MCI, his professional growth mirrored the ebb and flow, the evolution and expansion of the industry itself. With all this experience and knowledge, he would lead the newly founded CTG to decades of success.

“After leaving MCI 27 years later, my recruiting experience helped me set up Competitive Telecoms Group doing both recruiting and consulting.”

DeMartino quickly went from traveling the world, working 60-hour weeks to deciding his primary goal was to build his own business. Having naturally established connections reinforced his sights of expanding his own budding global partnerships to flourish. With DeMartino at the helm, his two sons soon joined CTG each bringing their own skills and experiences in telecom and recruiting. Dominick and Matthew’s contributions helped to build CTG to mainstream prominence, solidifying their place in the industry. Having amassed an expansive clientele list of 100+ companies in the industry, they have consulted for some heavy hitters’ names such as Cerberus Capital, Carlyle Group, Telefonica and Bell Canada, and of course, NJFX to name a few. This list will surely double within the coming years, on his career indefatigability, “CTG has been doing this for the last 23 years, so this is now my 50th year in the telecom industry!”

Over the course of his career, hundreds of thousands in the industry have felt the rippling effects and benefit from DeMartino’s endeavors and accomplishments. CTG is renowned industry-wide in the consulting and “headhunting” space. In DeMartino’s words, “As a specialist recruiter in the telecom space, we are regularly competing with (and is preferred) over big-time recruiters. 50 years in the industry and a lifetime of friends help.”

The post-Covid, the remote-work force has put a new twist in the streaming digital age, increasing the importance of the “last mile” of telecommunications to individuals’ homes. The ongoing tech explosion of adaptive AI automation, data analytics, and social media shape a large part of the increasingly competitive landscape CTG occupies. When asked about predictions and advice for the future of the industry, he noted he was delighted to see NJFX hosting events catered to inclusivity in welcoming the new industry leaders at the Pacific Telecommunications Council (PTC). Millennials, gen Z, and gen alpha are now rapidly entering the workforce. COVID-19 obviously makes this a challenge to those aiming to rise and close the talent gap left behind by those exiting the industry.” I am happy to see Gil and NJFX taking a leadership role in getting new blood into the industry.”

DeMartino emphasizes the importance of interpersonal socialization, AKA face-to-face interactions. Attending events such as the upcoming ITW, PTC, Capacity Europe, and Metro Connect has been essential to their success. He reminds us that something as simple as sitting next to someone over dinner or chatting over drinks in a small but relaxed setting has led to some of his most successful meetings. He worries that a hands-on approach is lost in the zoom calls/remote work and is not a balanced replacement for building long-lasting bonds with partners and colleagues for the new class of industry professionals.

Always looking towards the future, he says the primary players to watch that continue to push the industry forward are the data centers, sub-sea cable providers, and especially now satellites with Space-X and other firms increasingly providing delivery.

When asked about retiring completely and passing on the mantle, “What Mantle!! My sons already have me envisioning “Weekend at Bernie’s” They will be rolling me out when needed. Honestly, with Dominick having a background in telecoms at Sprint Canada before joining CTG and Matt having recruiting experience at Kforce before joining, they are the perfect pair to continue the legacy. Hope they pass it down to their kids.”

DeMartino says things got easier and a lot more fun and enjoyable when he started working alongside his sons. His one regret is not having more kids to help him in his goal of dominating the space! With no plans of stopping, ideations towards expanding their yearly conference run with reported plans to visit Monaco, Brazil, and beyond. In the next five years, his sons will be taking over more of the business allowing time for travel to smaller growing events/conferences and a golf course visit or two.

When asked for closing remarks, he cited, “Bill McGowan, The founder of MCI, once said, “You need to borrow so much money that the banks can’t afford to have you go bankrupt and will lend you more” That may be the single thing that kept MCI going through the early years. His final remark: See you at the next 10 PTCs!”

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And of course, there is so much more to the “Godfather of Telecom”, Jerry DeMartino, that we didn’t cover in his ongoing legacy that we may revisit in the future. A young debating bambino from Brooklyn ,and light heavyweight Golden Gloves fighter in 1976 becoming the CEO of Competitive Telecom Group. A trusted leading purveyor of talent in the industry and for now, this concludes this month’s feature of Luminaries in Telecom. Please feel free to add to the conversation! Like a Where’s Waldo book, how many times have you encountered Jerry DeMartino before? What do you take away from his wealth of experience and his ability to collaborate and provide solutions? Sound off in the comments below with any fun facts/specifics that may have been missed, special thanks to his son Matt for his help on this feature! Any suggestions about any movers and shakers in telecom history you think deserve a feature send a message to [email protected]. We at NJFX hope you’ve gleaned a bit of inspiration to take with you through the rest of your week and again Happy new year!

John Cioffi is a born and bred Illinoisan, from a young age he gravitated towards education in technology taking him from to earning his B.S.E.E. degree from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in 1978. Soon leaving his home, he began working at Bell Laboratories in New Jersey, where he began his long career designing modems, one of many technologies he revolutionized. Never one to shy away from his education while at Bell Laboratories, he also attended Stanford University, where he earned a Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering.

Quickly becoming an educator at Stanford, taking his first role as an assistant professor. Many of his peers over a few years’ there would soon become partners and employees. Cioffi at 35 years old was ready to make his own mark on the world, taking a leave of absence from his studies to found Amati Communications Corporation. His primary goal was to build DSL modems stemming from the work his team had accomplished at Stanford. With Cioffi at the helm, Amati built the Prelude modem, the DSL modem that brought his group mainstream prominence cementing their place in the industry. Prelude was revolutionary, transmitting 6+ megabits per second over 9,000 feet of telephone line – a far cry from the gigabits per second available to homes today. Prelude represented a significant upgrade to win their start-up the “Bellcore ADSL Olympics” by outperforming modems from much larger competitors such as Bellcore and AT&T.

The world quickly took notice of Dr. Cioffi. In 1997, Texas Instruments acquired Amanti seven years after it was founded for $395 million. Having set a precedent for DSL, Cioffi now set his sights on improving further on his innovations with dynamic spectrum management technology. This improvement allowed DSL lines to run more reliably and with faster data rates. I’m sure most of you reading remember living through the late 90’s/early 00’s and how quickly speeds and processing progressed year by year. We owe a large part of these upgrades to Cioffi. A list of Cioffi’s accolades and awards from his work include…

• IEEE Alexander Graham Bell Medal
• The Economist Innovation Award – Computing and Telecommunications
• IEEE Koji Kobayashi Computers and Communications Award
• Outstanding Achievement Award, American National Standards Institute for contributions to ADSL
• Hitachi Professor Emeritus at Stanford University, where he held a tenured endowed professorship before retiring after 22 full-time years

Hundreds of millions of people use DSL based on Amanti’s initial groundbreaking innovations. Cioffi and his teams should be lauded for their inventiveness and leadership in designing the world’s first ADSL & VDSL modems, which today account for roughly 98% of the 400 million DSL connections worldwide. Especially notable Cioffi’s pioneering research in making digital subscriber line (DSL) technology practical and has led to over 400 publications and more than 100 pending or issued patents, many of which are licensed. Cioffi persists just as he did from the start: An upstart kid from a small-town Park Forest become a leader in our industry. Now the Chairman and CEO of ASSIA Inc., a California-based company. ASSIA is known for pioneering DSL management software sold to DSL service providers, and specifically for introducing Dynamic Spectrum Management or DSM.

And of course, there is much more to “The father of DSL” and his legacy that we may revisit in the future, but this concludes this month’s feature in the “Luminaries in Telecom” series. Please feel free to add to the conversation! Had you heard of Dr. John M. Cioffi before? What did you take away from his incredible innovations and pursuits that changed the world of telecom? Sound off in the comments below with any fun facts/specifics that may have been missed! Any suggestions for a person in Telecom history you think deserves a feature send a message to [email protected]. We at NJFX hope you’ve gleaned a bit of inspiration to take with you through the rest of your week!

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Our General Manager, Felix Seda, is part of the PTC Advisory Council leading the new PTC Beyond Initiative, helping empower the next generation of industry leaders. The initiative will be supported throughout the conference with a complete program of activities and providing them a seat at the table.

NJFX is proud to kick off the conference with the Zellenials in Telecom Welcome Reception! 

PTC ’23 Welcome Reception is geared towards fostering and developing young leaders in the telecommunications industry. The event will provide a space for young individuals within the industry the chance to network with their peers as well as industry professionals to better establish their telecom knowledge and contacts.

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